Urine Bilirubin and Urobilinogen Test Price in Cuttack

Test Description

Urine bilirubin and urobilinogen are complementary markers of bilirubin metabolism that help classify jaundice and liver/biliary disease. Conjugated (direct) bilirubin is water-soluble and filtered by the glomerulus, appearing in urine (bilirubinuria) when serum conjugated bilirubin is elevated. Unconjugated (indirect) bilirubin is protein-bound and not filtered, so it is never present in urine regardless of how elevated it is. Bilirubinuria: pathological findings indicating: hepatocellular disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis — impaired biliary excretion causes conjugated bilirubin to reflux into blood); obstructive (cholestatic) jaundice (bile flow obstruction causes conjugated bilirubin retention). Bilirubinuria is absent in hemolytic jaundice (only unconjugated bilirubin elevated). Urobilinogen: conjugated bilirubin excreted in bile is metabolized by intestinal bacteria to urobilinogen. Most urobilinogen is excreted in feces (stercobilin — gives stool its brown color); a small fraction is reabsorbed into portal circulation and re-excreted in bile (enterohepatic circulation), with a small amount appearing in urine (normal: 0.1–1.0 Ehrlich units/dL). Elevated urine urobilinogen: hemolysis (increased bilirubin load), hepatocellular disease (impaired hepatic re-uptake). Absent urobilinogen: complete biliary obstruction (no bile reaching gut).