ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) Test Price in Chandrasekharpur

Test Description

Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies directed against various components of the cell nucleus including DNA, histone proteins, ribonucleoproteins, and other nuclear antigens. ANA testing is the primary screening test for systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs), particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay on HEp-2 cells is the gold standard method for ANA detection, which simultaneously detects multiple nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. Results are reported as titer and pattern. Patterns include homogeneous (anti-dsDNA, anti-histone), speckled (anti-Sm, anti-SSA/Ro, anti-SSB/La, anti-Scl-70), nucleolar (anti-nucleolar RNA), centromere (anti-centromere B, CREST syndrome), and cytoplasmic patterns. A positive ANA ≥1:80 is clinically significant. ANA is positive in >95% of SLE patients and is now included in SLE classification criteria (2019 EULAR/ACR). However, ANA is also positive in Sjögren syndrome, systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease, and drug-induced lupus, and in up to 15% of healthy individuals (low titer 1:40–1:80). Specificity requires follow-up ENA (extractable nuclear antigen) testing.